Islamic Republic
of Pakistan
( Click on the above hyperlink to see more information on Pakistan
)
Middle paleolithic human culture called Soan (named after Soan river where it was found) existed in the area now called Pakistan. Many neolithic settlements were also found in this region from 7000 - 3000 BCE. Mehrgarh on the west bank of Bolan River was one of the important ones. One of the earliest civilizations in the world "Indus Valley Civilization" appeared in this region around 3300 BCE. It went into decline around 1500 BCE.
The region was invaded and ruled by many conquerors. The list includes Assyrian queen Semiramis, Darius of Persian Achaemenid Dynasty, Alexander the Great, Chandragupta Maurya of the Mauryan Empire, Demetrius of Bactria ( Indo-Greek Empire), Kushans, Scythians, White Huns, the Sassanian Persian Empire, the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim of the Umayyad Dynasty, the Ghaznavid Empire, the Ghorid Kingdom, the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughal Empire and the British Empire. All these rulers issued coins to be circulated in this area in their respective names during their regimes.
Pakistan gained independence from the British Empire in 1947. Later, the western part of Pakistan separated from it and became an independent country called Bangladesh. Pakistan issued coins as an independent country in 1948 following old denominational system based on 6 Annas equal to 1 Rupee. In 1961, the monetary system was changed to decimal coinage with 1 Rupee equals to 100 pice. The following are the links to pages with coin images of the independent Pakistan.
Circulation coins:
1948-52
1953-60
1961
1961-63
1963-67
1967-74
1974-81
1981-98
1998 - present
Commemorative coins:
1976
1977
1981
1995
1997
1998
2000
References:
Wikipedia
Ancient, Medieval, Recent History and coins of Pakistan., Rear
Admiral Sohail A. Khan., Islamabad, Leo Book, 1998.
History of Indo-Pakistan since 1526, Saqib, Ahsan Ullah., Dogar
Brothers, Lahore, 1992.
A New History of Indo-Pakistan: since 1526, By Ali, K., Publishers
Emporium, Lahore.
Indian History, Agnihotri, V.K., Allied Publishers Limited, New
Delhi.
Encyclopaedia of Asian History, Asian Society USA, 1988.
Kessings Record of World Events, Longman, U.K., 1988.
INDO-KOKO-KENKYU, Indian Archaeological Studies 2000 Vol. 22 .
The Indus Valley, Baluchistan and Helmand Traditions: Neolithic Through
Bronze Age., Jim G. Shaffer., In Chronologies in Old World Archaeology.
Second Edition. R.W. Ehrich, (Ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
I:441-464, II:425-446.1992.
Ancient cities of the Indus Valley Civilization., Kenoyer, J. Mark.,
Oxford University Press. 1998.
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